Tumor associated markers in clinical diagnosis.
نویسنده
چکیده
Simple means for detecting the presence of tumors when they are still small and localized would be of major clinical benefit. Various tumor mark ers have been found and methods are available for measuring them in the blood. The results of studies suggest that the tumor markers of promise include onco-fetal antigens, placental antigens, polypeptide hormones and exocrine secretion products. Some, such as alpha-fetoprotein, are elevated early in the disease, frequently prior to detection by all other diagnostic aids. Others, notably carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), are frequently only elevated when the tumor has progressed. The present-day practical appli cation of tumor markers is in monitoring the progression of the tumor and its response to therapy; under these conditions they are frequently more sensitive than other indices including scanning. Hum an chorionic gonado trophin has proved to be an excellent marker for following patients with trophoblastic neoplasms; its sensitivity as a marker can be improved by determ ining the levels of its alpha and beta subunits. The benefits of measuring ectopic hormone production including their precursors and par tial products require further study; in some instances a hormonal syndrome is the first clinical manifestation of the presence of malignancy. Certain markers, although not useful in aiding the diagnosis of cancers, may assist in predicting a response to specific therapy; these markers include the estrogen and progesterone receptors and lactalbumin. None of the known tumor markers w hen used alone have proved to be of sufficient value in population screening; nevertheless, when the levels are interpreted in con junction with other clinical and laboratory data, they frequently aid a diag nosis.
منابع مشابه
Evaluation of Ultrasonography and Mammography in Diagnosis of Mammary Gland Tumor in Bitches: Based on Tumor Markers
Objective- This study refers to the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of mammary gland tumor in bitches as a complementary diagnostic method and its ultimate goal is to evaluate the results of mammography with the positive results of ultrasonography. Design- Prospective study. Animals- 12 German Shepherd bitches with swollen mass in the mammary gland region (group I) and 12 h...
متن کاملRelationship Between Total and Lipid-bound Serum Sialic Acid and Some Tumor Markers
Background: Increased levels of total and lipid-associated sialic acid (TSA and LASA) have been reported in the sera of patients with benign or malignant tumors and also could be regarded as newly important clinical criteria for the diagnosis of cancer. This study has investigated the differences of TSA and LASA contents between cancer patients and healthy individuals and evaluated their correl...
متن کاملRole of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Solitary Fibrous Tumor, a Review
Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor which is most commonly seen in the pleura; however it can be seen in other organs such as the meninge, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, bone, and skin. SFT should be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumors in these organs. Immunohistochemistry plays a pivotal role for the histopathologic diagnosis...
متن کاملDiagnosis GLY120 Antigen for the Blood and Breast Cancers Using Graphene Nanosheet
The current study designed and simulated graphene nanosensors for detection of GLY120 tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. Graphene is a two-dimensional nanosheet that offers a high surface-to-volume ratio and high mobility which increases its sensitivity as a graphene sensor over that of other nanoparticles. The current study simulated graphene sensors with and without GLY12...
متن کاملP154: Role of Exosomes as Novel Biomarkers in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma multiform(GBM) is the most prevalent primary brain tumor. Exosomes are extracellular vehicles for exchanging information between various cell types including cancer and normal cells. Exosomes are indicative of pathophysiological conditions of brain tumors that could be used in diagnosis and prognosis of GBM. In tumors, exosomes could carry various molecules like several miRNAs and ...
متن کاملDiagnosis and treatment of the Cancer Tumor Cells (CTCs); Capturing and Diagnosing Kits
Objective(s): In the developed countries, one of the leading causes of death is cancer. Cancer cells with their unique and destructive characteristics impose high costs on communities. Methods: In this study, we will review the latest cancer researches an...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Annals of clinical and laboratory science
دوره 8 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1978